2022

Individual differences in resilience to stress are associated with affective flexibility

2022, Social Cognition /

Abstract Cognitive flexibility is frequently linked to resilience because of its important contribution to stress regulation. In this context, particularly affective flexibility, defined as the ability to flexibly attend and disengage from affective information, may play a significant role. In the present study, the relationship of cognitive and affective flexibility and resilience was examined in […]

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Neurocomputational mechanisms of affected beliefs

2022, Social Emotions, Social Learning /

Abstract The feedback people receive on their behavior shapes the process of belief formation and self-efficacy in mastering a particular task. However, the neural and computational mechanisms of how the subjective value of self-efficacy beliefs, and the corresponding affect, influence the learning process remain unclear. We investigated these mechanisms during self-efficacy belief formation using fMRI,

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Intracranial human recordings reveal association between neural activity and perceived intensity for the pain of others in the insula

2022, Social Cognition /

Abstract Based on neuroimaging data, the insula is considered important for people to empathize with the pain of others. Here we present intracranial electroencephalographic (iEEG) recordings and single-cell recordings from the human insulae while 7 epilepsy patients rated the intensity of a woman’s painful experiences seen in short movie clips. Pain had to be deduced

Intracranial human recordings reveal association between neural activity and perceived intensity for the pain of others in the insula Read More »

The (un)learning of social functions and its significance for mental health

2022, Clinical, Social Learning /

Abstract Social interactions are dynamic, context-dependent, and reciprocal events that influence prospective strategies and require constant practice and adaptation. This complexity of social interactions creates several research challenges. We propose a new framework encouraging future research to investigate not only individual differences in capacities relevant for social functioning and their underlying mechanisms, but also the

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Neural correlates of affective task switching and asymmetric affective task switching costs

2022, Social Cognition /

Abstract The control of emotions is of potentially great clinical relevance. Accordingly, there has been increasing interest in understanding the cognitive mechanisms underlying the ability to switch efficiently between the processing of affective and non-affective information. Reports of asymmetrically increased switch costs when switching towards the more salient emotion task indicate specific demands in the

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Dysregulated autoantibodies targeting vaso- and immunoregulatory receptors in Post COVID Syndrome correlate with symptom severity

2022, Clinical /

Abstract Most patients with Post COVID Syndrome (PCS) present with a plethora of symptoms without clear evidence of organ dysfunction. A subset of them fulfills diagnostic criteria of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Symptom severity of ME/CFS correlates with natural regulatory autoantibody (AAB) levels targeting several G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR). In this exploratory study, we

Dysregulated autoantibodies targeting vaso- and immunoregulatory receptors in Post COVID Syndrome correlate with symptom severity Read More »

Age-dependent white matter microstructural disintegrity in autism spectrum disorder

2022, Clinical /

Abstract There has been increasing evidence of White Matter (WM) microstructural disintegrity and connectome disruption in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). We evaluated the effects of age on WM microstructure by examining Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) metrics and connectome Edge Density (ED) in a large dataset of ASD and control patients from different age cohorts. N = 583

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Mapping Research Domain Criteria using a transdiagnostic mini-RDoC assessment in mental disorders

2022, Clinical /

Abstract This study aimed to build on the relationship of well-established self-report and behavioral assessments to the latent constructs positive (PVS) and negative valence systems (NVS), cognitive systems (CS), and social processes (SP) of the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework in a large transnosological population which cuts across DSM/ICD-10 disorder criteria categories. One thousand four

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Association of stress-related neural activity and baseline interleukin-6 plasma levels in healthy adults

2022, Hormones/Neuromodulators, Social Cognition /

Abstract Several studies suggest a link between acute changes in inflammatory parameters due to an endotoxin or (psychological) stressor and the brain’s stress response. The extent to which basal circulating levels of inflammatory markers are associated with the brain’s stress response has been hardly investigated so far. In the present study, baseline plasma levels of

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Age-related topographic map of magnetic resonance diffusion metrics in neonatal brains.

2022, Clinical /

Abstract Accelerated maturation of brain parenchyma close to term-equivalent age leads to rapid changes in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics of neonatal brains, which can complicate the evaluation and interpretation of these scans. In this study, we characterized the topography of age-related evolution of diffusion metrics in neonatal brains. We included

Age-related topographic map of magnetic resonance diffusion metrics in neonatal brains. Read More »

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